Global Climate Changes: Earth temperature to rise 5-6 degree toward 2050s – RESEARCH

 

Global Climate Changes: Earth temperature to rise 5-6 degree toward 2050s – RESEARCH

. The increase of natural disasters, quakes, tsunamis causing heavy casualties, abnormal cold weather confusing Europe and Azerbaijan create different questions. What happens in the world? Does it lead to global warming or cold snap? What consequences could the global climate changes bring?

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• Weakening of warm Atlantic Ocean Gulf Stream current causes cold snap in Europe

Natural factors have caused climate changes in all periods of the Earth history, even without human factor. Natural climate changes occur in accordance with Solar and Earth cycles. Acting director of the National Hydro-Meteorology Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources Rza Mahmoudov toldAPAthat volcanic activities also have an impact on Earth temperature and in this case global warming and cooling replace each other. The historic surveys show that every warming is replaced by ice period. “If cold snap gets abnormal character and meteorological parameters beat new records every 50-100 years, it could be explained as the consequences of the climate changes. In recent years, anthropogenic factors, including scientific-technological progress, industrial development, increase of population, gas emissions causing greenhouse effect have been added to the natural one. Both factors cause climate changes, abnormal heat in the summer and cold in the winter, breaching natural regular pattern of the climate factors in Earth atmosphere, as well as humidity cycle and energy balance and changing the ocean currents. The oceans are the kitchen of climate. Warm and cold ocean currents are the main factors creating climate in the terrestrial part of the world. Greenland, Arctic glaciers in the North and Antarctic glaciers in the South can moderate hot climate of the equatorial zone. These processes optimize the Earth climate. Current cold snap is a result of global warming”.

Mahmoudov said there is a global warming in the world now, glaciers melt, fresh water change changes water-mass density in the oceans. “Weakening of warm Atlantic Ocean Gulf Stream current causes cold snap in Europe. It is a result of global warming”.

Under the influence of the global climate changes the temperature has risen by 1.1 – 1.3 C in the high mountainous areas of Azerbaijan

The scientist said these processes are also observed in Azerbaijan.
“Abnormal hot weather was recorded in Azerbaijan in various years. 11 C, which was recorded last summer, was not recorded for 110 years. Such extreme indicators in the climate are the result of the climate changes. Of course, the increase of natural disasters, floods, typhoons, hurricanes damages the world economy, people. Climate changes are also observed in Azerbaijan. A number of floods occurred in the country in 2010. But Azerbaijan’s general physical-geographical situation, climate systems allow us to achieve successful results in minimizing the damage caused by the natural disasters, providing the population with food. It is not accidental that for its environmental performance within the past ten years, Azerbaijan ranked the 2nd among 132 countries in the Environmental Performance Index,” he said.

Mahmudov said the average annual temperature in the world is considered 14.4 – 14.5. At present this temperature has risen by 1 degree. The temperature in the Arctic, Greenland, and even in the south of America is 2-3 C above the average annual norm.
“This figure is around 0.8 in Azerbaijan. The rise of temperature has been recorded in the high mountainous areas in the past 8 years. Studies show that the temperature has risen by 1.1 – 1.3 C in the high mountainous areas. Not only ecologists, but also the world climatologists and leaders of big states should deal with this problem. We can forecast with scientific evidence the changes arising from the natural factors. Thus, it will be possible to minimize the damage and reduce the impact of the anthropogenic factors on the climate,” he said.

The temperature will rise by 6-7 degrees by the 50s of this century

Namig Jalilov, chief of the solar-terrestrial relationships department of the Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory named after N. Tusi, toldAPAthat since the formation of the solar system the general evolution direction in the general climate of the Earth has been low, it means that the Earth is gradually cooling. But cooling is a general process. In general, the climate of the Earth consists of glacial periods lasting for millions of years and interglacial periods. The information regarding the change of the Earth climate in the past is obtained from the nature archives.

“The Earth and its atmosphere are continuously bombed by cosmic rays. These rays consist of high-energy, heavy ions. Ionization occurs in the atmosphere when the atmosphere of the Earth is bombed. As a result of it, heavy isotopes appear in the atmosphere. As a result of the atmospheric circulation and ocean circulation, these isotopes subside in the ocean and on the Earth. By studying these isotopes, one can know how the climate of the Earth was in the past.”

According to Jalilov, BE10 and C14 isotopes give more information about the Earth climate: “The climate changes occur during several millenniums and longer periods. The Earth is in the period of global warming now. We are living now in a geological epoch known as Holocene, which has been identified as current warm period. The sudden 1500-2000-year warming occurs in the climate every 3000-4000 years. The specialists dealing with the Earth’s climate came to a conclusion that it is needed to search its root in the Sun. If the Sun hadn’t been existed, the density of space radiation coming to the Earth would have been approximately the same. The certain level has been always observed in the climate, but the global climate changes owing to space radiation coming to the Earth and parts coming from the Sun. As the processes occurring in the Sun are periodic, it can lead to the periodicity of the global climate. The Sun is only light and heating source of the Earth. The nuclear reactions are going in the center of the Sun and the gravitation waves of rotation of magnetic resonance establish. It means that the established gravitation waves influence the speed of nuclear reaction in the center of the Sun, i.e. this reaction either slows or accelerates.

According to the scientist, the global warming is being observed now: “The last periodic changes occurred in the climate about 150 years ago, this warming will reach its peak till the mid of 50s of this century. It is such a process that the start of which increases to its maximum during 200 years. Then it gradually decreases for about 1000 years, i.e. the global warming, which is being observed now, will continue till 2050-2060s, the average annual temperature will increase more 6-7 degrees, then the process will gradually decrease”.

Heavy snowfall can cause repeat of 2010 floods in Kur and Araz rivers

Deputy Director of the Institute of Geography of ANAS Ramiz Mammadov toldAPAthat it was necessary to consider the developments in the world as short-term climatic anomalies: “There are various opinions on the climate changes in the world. The wide-spread opinion is that the intensive warming goes now. There are two other theories. One of them is that we are going towards the ice age. The third opinion is that there is nothing strange. It is just a climatic anomaly. The warming and cooling have always occurred in the Earth. The impact of melting glaciers on global warming is a controversial issue. The physicians think that melting of glaciers is a transition of substance’s state and it doesn’t cause energy release”.

Mammadov noted that these anomalies have always occurred. The essential is to be ready for the impact of such anomalies: “That’s why there is a notion of climatic winter along with the calendar winter, which begins on December 1 and ends on March 1. The corresponding organizations must be ready for these extreme cases. Heavy snowfall this year can cause floods in Kur and Araz rivers and repeat natural disasters of 2010”.

Azerbaijan must elaborate National Strategy on climate changes

Head of the Radiation Problems Institute’s laboratory Muslum Gurbanov toldAPAthat the climate changes impact the abnormal distribution of rainfalls, seasons slipping and increasing of solidity, water and forest resources and human health: “It breaches ecological balance and impacts links between human being and environment, forestry and agriculture, water recourses and terrestrial zones. It is necessary to decrease anthropogenic impacts. Azerbaijan should strengthen measures for adaptation to the climate changes and elaborate National Strategy for management of risks and climate changes. If so it will be painless for us in future”.

Natural disasters caused by the climate changes tripled in comparison with 1980s

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2000-2010, 2.7 billions people suffered form the natural calamities. According to “Oxfam” humanitarian organization, in comparison to 1980s, natural calamities caused by the climate changes tripled. The statistic of geophysics calamities including quakes and volcanoes have not changed since 1980s. But the number of floods and storms increased. Every year, 250 million people suffer from the natural disasters. According to the prognosis, number of the natural disasters victims will increase by 1.5 times and reach 375 million in 2015”.