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African Anticyclone in October: a strong weather anomaly

 

African Anticyclone in October: a strong weather anomaly


The‍ African heat waves that occur in early October ⁢in Italy represent an increasingly‍ common weather phenomenon. Despite being mid-Autumn, in‌ such circumstances temperatures can reach or exceed 30°C, especially ‍in Southern ​Italy and the Major Islands like Sardinia and ⁤Sicily.

The phenomenon of African heat develops when masses of hot air from North Africa are pushed ⁣towards ⁣the Mediterranean basin by a High-Pressure field.

This meteorological configuration favors the stagnation of heat over large areas of ‌the country, causing⁣ a significant⁣ increase in⁤ temperatures compared to seasonal averages. ⁣Although such heat⁤ waves in early October may seem unusual, ‌they have become ⁤more frequent, partly due ‌to climate change. ​ ⁣



Out-of-season heat

The intensity of the heat not only causes‍ physical discomfort and health problems, particularly for the most vulnerable people, but also has long-term consequences on the ecosystem and the atmosphere.

A critical aspect of ⁣out-of-season heat ‍waves is‌ the accumulation of thermal ​energy in⁤ the⁢ sea and air.

This⁣ excess energy‌ can play a ‍decisive ⁣role‍ when new disturbances form, especially those coming from the Atlantic.



Sudden⁣ severe weather

Atlantic disturbances, characterized by ​high humidity and low-pressure systems, can ​find‌ optimal conditions in an already overheated atmosphere.

When colder and more unstable air from the Atlantic interacts with the warm and stagnant air over Italy, perfect conditions ⁤are created for extreme ⁣weather phenomena⁤ such as violent thunderstorms, downpours, and strong winds. The ​surplus energy generated ‌by the heat can intensify ‌these disturbances, making ⁤weather events more intense and complex to predict⁣ accurately. ‌   ⁣



The problem of drought

Another effect of abnormal heat is the worsening of drought.

Although ⁣October heat is not as prolonged ‌as summer ⁢heat, it can extend dry periods, especially if subsequent disturbances concentrate on ⁣specific areas without distributing evenly across the territory.

This creates a contrast between areas still affected ​by drought and others ⁣experiencing extreme weather episodes. ‍



Which areas ⁣are most at risk?

​ The ​most⁤ vulnerable areas are certainly Southern Italy​ and the Major Islands, where African heat tends to be more intense and prolonged.

However, even the North and Center ​could experience abnormal temperatures, with direct consequences on ⁣water resource ⁢management and increased hydrogeological risk. The Po plains, for example, could suffer the combined ⁣impact of‌ out-of-season heat and⁢ heavy rainfall, with negative effects on agriculture and ⁢infrastructure.

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